The Language of Music
音乐的语言
A painter hangs his or her finished pictures on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm-two entirely different movements.画家挂完成他或她的照片在墙上,每个人都可以看到它。作曲家写了工作,但是没有人可以听到它,直到它完成。专业歌手和球员有很大的责任,因为作曲家是如此完全地依赖于他们。音乐的学生需要长期的、严格的培训成为一个表演者作为一个医科学生要成为一名医生。大多数是关心技术的训练,因为音乐家需要的肌肉能力的运动员或芭蕾舞演员。歌手们每天都练习吊嗓子,因为如果不能有效地控制肌肉的话,他们的声带将不能支持。弦乐演奏者练习移动手指的左手向上和向下,同时,用右手前后拉动琴弓两个截然不同的动作。Singers and instruments have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuners responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties; the hammers that hit the string have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.歌手和乐器必须使所有的音符完全相同协调。钢琴家是没有这个特殊的焦虑,为notes已经在那里,等待他们,这是钢琴调谐器的责任来调整仪器。但他们有自己的困难;锤子袭击字符串必须哄不发出的声音象是打击乐器,而且每个交叠的音都必须要清晰。
This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conductors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sounds with fanatical but selfless authority.
这个问题得到明确的纹理是一个面临学生导体:他们必须学会了解音乐中的每一个音,以及它如何应该声音,和他们必须瞄准控制这些声音与狂热但无私的权威。
Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.技术是没有用的,除非它是结合音乐知识和理解。伟大的艺术家是那些是如此彻底的在家里用音乐的语言,他们可以满怀喜悦地演出写于任何时代的作品。