Schooling and Education
上学与受教育
It is commonly believed in United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.
通常认为在美国,学校是人们去接受教育。不过,有人说,今天的孩子们上学打断了他们受教育的过程。上学与受教育之间的区别这句话是很重要的。
Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. people are engaged in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of ones entire life.
与上学相比,教育更具开放性,内容更广泛。教育没有界限。它可以发生在任何地方,无论是在淋浴还是在工作,无论是在厨房里或拖拉机上。它既包括正式学习发生在学校和整个宇宙的非正式学习。教育的代理人的范围可以是德高望重的老者,收音机进行政治辩论的人,从一个孩子到一个杰出的科学家。上学读书多少有点可预见性,而教育往往能带来意外的发现。与陌生人的一次随意谈话可能会使人认识到自己对其它宗教其实所知甚少。人从幼年开始从事教育。因此,教育是一个内涵很丰富的词。它是一个终身的过程,这一过程开始之前学校的开始,应成为不可分割的一部分,一个人的一生。
Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the working of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that there not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.教育,另一方面,是一个特定的,正式的过程,一般模式的变化从一个设置为下一个。在一个国家,孩子们到达学校大约在同一时间,把指定的座位,由成人教,使用类似的教材,做作业,考试,等等。要学习现实的片,无论是字母表还是了解政府的工作,通常是由教的科目范围有限。例如,高中生知道不可能发现在他们在他们的社区类政治问题的真相或者最新的电影制作人都在尝试。周围学校教育这一形式化的过程是有特定的限制的。